CS Forward

Fixing The Problems When Logging In Via SSH Into Raspberry Pi

Steps:

For some reason, if you get a message like following:

@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@

@WARNING: REMOTE HOST IDENTIFICATION HAS CHANGED! @

@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@

IT IS POSSIBLE THAT SOMEONE IS DOING SOMETHING NASTY!

Someone could be eavesdropping on you right now (man-in-the-middle attack)!

It is also possible that a host key has just been changed.

The fingerprint for the ECDSA key sent by the remote host is

SHA256:iudbciuwbciubwi/TFutvavUVUY/76THBSJHB7Shdb.

Please contact your system administrator.

Add correct host key in /Users/user/.ssh/known_hosts to get rid of this message.

Offending ECDSA key in /Users/user/.ssh/known_hosts:2

ECDSA host key for 192.168.0.XXX has changed and you have requested strict checking.

Host key verification failed.

then do this on your terminal:

ssh-keygen -R 192.168.0.XXX

 

Credits:

https://www.digitalocean.com/community/questions/warning-remote-host-identification-has-changed

Install VNC Server on Raspberry Pi

Steps:

1. Run the following:

sudo apt-get install realvnc-vnc-server

 

2. Raspberry Pi OS has the SSH server disabled by default. Enter

sudo raspi-config

 

3. Select Interfacing Options

– Navigate to and select SSH

– Choose Yes

– Select Ok

– Choose Finish

 

4. Learn your Pi’s IP address from your Pi’s terminal:

hostname -I

or from another device connected to the same network:

ping raspberrypi.local

 

Credits:

https://www.raspberrypi.org/documentation/computers/remote-access.html

Multiple Bluetooth Audio Output through Audio MIDI Setup on macOS

I tried to connect multiple bluetooth speakers and get audio from all of them on Raspberry Pi, but no success. This is very simple with Audio MIDI Setup software on macOS.

Steps for Stereo Configuration (Basic Setup):

1. Connect all bluetooth speakers to your Mac.

2. Open the ‘Audio MIDI Setup’ software.

3. Create a ‘Multi-Output Device’ by clicking the + sign on the bottom left corner.

4. Set it as default sound output by clicking the volume icon on on the top bar.

5. Have fun!

Steps for Surround Sound (Advanced Setup):

1. Follow the steps 1 & 2 above.

2. Create a ‘Aggregate Device’ by clicking the + sign on the bottom left corner.

3. Configure your speakers.

  • I connected 3 bluetooth speakers in Hexagonal setting.
  • Each speaker has two channels. I named my speakers’ channels as follows:
    • Speaker 1 channels as a, b
    • Speaker 2 channels as c, d
    • Speaker 3 channels as e, f
  • In my configuration I did the following:
    • Set my channel c as my Left
    • Set my channel e as my Right
    • Set my channel d as my Left surround
    • Set my channel f as my Right surround
    • Set my channel a as Center
    • Set my channel b as Center

3. Double finger click on it and select “Use This Device For Sound Output”.

4. Have fun!

 

Credits:

https://support.apple.com/guide/audio-midi-setup/play-audio-through-multiple-devices-at-once-ams7c093f372/mac

https://support.apple.com/en-us/HT202000

Multiple Audio Output with Raspberry Pi

I spent a lot of time and tried connecting two bluetooth devices to get audio from Raspberry Pi 3B+, but it looks like there is no way to do this with Bluetooth 4.2. You can connect multiple bluetooth speakers to Raspberry Pi, but only one of them will sound. The other one is just a connected ‘card’ when you do:

pacmd list-cards

but it does not appear in ‘slave’ list when you do:

pacmd list-slaves

Following will give audio output from two sources, but with a relatively significant delay: (In my case, HDMI and Bluetooth)

pacmd list-sinks

pacmd load-module module-combine-sink sink_name=MyCombine

pacmd update-sink-proplist MyCombine sink_properties=MyCombine device.description=MyCombine

pacmd set-default-sink MyCombine

Change the Volume of Raspberry Pi OS Lite

Just do:

alsamixer

 

Credits:

https://www.bareconductive.com/blogs/resources/how-to-change-the-volume-on-the-pi-cap

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